Math symbols

Mathematical symbols are essential tools used to express complex concepts in a clear and concise way.

This comprehensive table features 100 commonly used math symbols, including arithmetic operators, logic symbols, set theory notation, calculus signs, trigonometric functions, and Greek letters.

Each symbol is presented with its name and a brief explanation of its meaning or use, making it an ideal resource for students, educators, and math enthusiasts.

Understanding these symbols is crucial for solving equations, analyzing data, and interpreting mathematical texts accurately.
This educational reference simplifies learning and provides a quick way to identify symbols during study or problem-solving.

By exploring our math symbols table, you can enhance your mathematical literacy and gain confidence in applying formulas and calculations effectively.

#	Symbol	Name	Meaning / Use
1	+	Plus	Addition
2	–	Minus	Subtraction
3	×	Multiplication	Multiplication
4	÷	Division	Division
5	=	Equals	Equality
6	≠	Not equal	Inequality
7	<	Less than	Comparison
8	>	Greater than	Comparison
9	≤	Less than or equal	Inequality
10	≥	Greater than or equal	Inequality
11	±	Plus-minus	Uncertainty / Variation
12	∞	Infinity	Unbounded value
13	√	Square root	Root of a number
14	∛	Cube root	Cube root of a number
15	∑	Summation	Sum of a series
16	∏	Product	Product of a series
17	∫	Integral	Integral of a function
18	∂	Partial derivative	Partial differentiation
19	≈	Approximately equal	Approximation
20	∝	Proportional to	Proportionality
21	°	Degree	Angles / Temperature
22	π	Pi	Mathematical constant ~3.14159
23	∠	Angle	Geometry
24	∇	Del / Nabla	Gradient / Vector calculus
25	∴	Therefore	Logical conclusion
26	∵	Because	Logical reasoning
27	∈	Element of	Set membership
28	∉	Not element of	Set membership
29	∪	Union	Set union
30	∩	Intersection	Set intersection
31	⊂	Proper subset	Subset of a set
32	⊃	Proper superset	Superset of a set
33	∅	Empty set	Set with no elements
34	ℕ	Natural numbers	Set of natural numbers
35	ℤ	Integers	Set of integers
36	ℚ	Rational numbers	Set of rational numbers
37	ℝ	Real numbers	Set of real numbers
38	ℂ	Complex numbers	Set of complex numbers
39	∈fty	Infinity	Limitless value
40	∠	Angle	Geometric angles
41	⊥	Perpendicular	Right angle / perpendicular lines
42	∥	Parallel	Parallel lines
43	°	Degree	Angles or temperature
44	′	Minute	Angle measurement (minutes)
45	″	Second	Angle measurement (seconds)
46	⊕	Direct sum / XOR	Algebra / logic
47	⊗	Tensor / Cross product	Linear algebra / vector operations
48	∴	Therefore	Logical conclusion
49	∵	Because	Logical reasoning
50	⇒	Implies	Logical implication
51	⇔	If and only if	Logical equivalence
52	∃	There exists	Existential quantifier
53	∀	For all	Universal quantifier
54	∅	Empty set	Set with no elements
55	∪	Union	Union of sets
56	∩	Intersection	Intersection of sets
57	⊂	Subset	Part of a set
58	⊃	Superset	Contains a set
59	⊆	Subset or equal	Subset relation
60	⊇	Superset or equal	Superset relation
61	∝	Proportional to	Direct proportion
62	∞	Infinity	Unbounded limit
63	∼	Similar to / Approximately	Geometric similarity / approximation
64	≅	Congruent / Approximately equal	Geometry / approximation
65	≈	Approximately equal	Approximation
66	≡	Identically equal	Equality in algebra
67	∇	Nabla / Del	Gradient / vector calculus
68	Δ	Delta	Change / Difference
69	∂	Partial derivative	Calculus
70	′	Prime	Derivative / notation
71	″	Double prime	Second derivative / notation
72	!	Factorial	Product of integers
73	\|x\|	Absolute value	Magnitude
74	⌈x⌉	Ceiling	Smallest integer ≥ x
75	⌊x⌋	Floor	Largest integer ≤ x
76	mod	Modulo	Remainder of division
77	log	Logarithm	Logarithmic function
78	ln	Natural logarithm	Logarithm base e
79	sin	Sine	Trigonometric function
80	cos	Cosine	Trigonometric function
81	tan	Tangent	Trigonometric function
82	cot	Cotangent	Trigonometric function
83	sec	Secant	Trigonometric function
84	csc	Cosecant	Trigonometric function
85	arcsin	Inverse sine	Trigonometric inverse
86	arccos	Inverse cosine	Trigonometric inverse
87	arctan	Inverse tangent	Trigonometric inverse
88	∫	Integral	Calculus
89	∮	Contour integral	Complex analysis
90	lim	Limit	Calculus limit
91	Σ	Summation	Sum of sequence
92	Π	Product	Product of sequence
93	∇²	Laplacian	Vector calculus
94	⇒	Implies	Logic
95	⇐	Implied by	Logic
96	⇔	If and only if	Logical equivalence
97	∴	Therefore	Logical conclusion
98	∵	Because	Logical reasoning
99	ℵ₀	Aleph-null	Countable infinity
100	∗	Asterisk / Convolution	Multiplication / special operations